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Previous Chapter 28 The Coverage Viewer
The Coverage Viewer shows the coverage of a simulation or validation in the terms of executed transitions or symbols in the system. The information used by the Coverage Viewer is stored in a coverage file with the file extension .cov.
Coverage files can be generated by the Simulator and the Validator.
This chapter contains a reference manual to the Coverage Viewer; the functionality it provides, its menus, windows and symbols.
The Coverage Viewer has two windows, the Main window and the Coverage Details window. The Main window graphically shows the simulation or validation coverage of transitions or symbols in a tree corresponding to the system structure. The Coverage Details window shows a more detailed coverage chart for a node in the tree.
The Main window is opened when the Coverage Viewer is started, whereas the Coverage Details window is not opened initially. The general characteristics of these windows are described in the chapter "The SDT Graphical User Interface" on page 1021.
The Main window shows a graphical tree representing the diagram structure of the simulated or validated system. The tree can either present Transition Coverage or Symbol Coverage; the mode is controlled by a user option. When the Coverage Viewer first opens a coverage file, a transition coverage tree is shown by default.
At the top of the drawing area, above the root of the tree, is a text identifying the type of coverage tree (transition/coverage) and the name of the current coverage file.
In the tree, the different SDL diagram types use the same icons as in the Organizer's Main window. For an explanation of all other icons, see "SDL Icons" on page 1394 in the chapter chapter 27, The Cross Reference Viewer.
When the tree shows transition coverage, the lowest level in the tree consists of transitions, represented by a small SDL input symbol. Both states and transitions are visible below the process and procedure diagrams in the tree structure. The start transitions are treated as all other transitions, even though they are represented in the tree by an SDL start symbol.
Figure 446 : Transition Coverage in the Main Window.
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When the tree shows symbol coverage, the lowest level in the tree consists of symbols corresponding to SDL symbols found in Flow Diagrams.
Figure 447 : Symbol Coverage in the Main Window.
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Each node in the tree consists of three parts:
Figure 448 : A Coverage Node.
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- A graphical symbol indicating the type of node:
- an SDL diagram (for instance, Figure 448 shows a process type symbol), or
- an SDL state, or
- a transition (start transition or input of signal/timer), or
- any symbol that can be found in SDL flow diagrams.
The graphical notation uses the same symbols as in SDL, where applicable. See also "SDL Icons" on page 1394.
- The name of the node is presented as text below the symbol (in Figure 448, the name of the process type is "Door"). An exception to this is the symbols at the lowest level in a symbol coverage tree. These symbols are shown without a name.
- The number of executed transitions/symbols associated with the node is presented below the name. For symbols above the lowest level of the tree, a range is also shown indicating the number of times the least and most executed transition/symbol below the node has been executed. The process type symbol in Figure 448 reads:
2 (0 - 1) which means that:
- two transitions/symbols have been executed,
- the least frequently transitions / symbols have been executed zero times, and
- the most frequently executed has been executed once.
The number of executed transitions/symbols shown below the node symbol also controls the thickness of the vertical line connecting the node with its parent node.
The line thickness thus gives a visual clue about how much the different branches of the tree have been executed, expressed as a relative number. The thicker the line, the more the tree branch has been executed.
In each node symbol, the number of transitions/symbols that have been executed in relation to the total number of transitions/symbols is also displayed. This is done by filling the node symbol with a gray pattern, showing the percentage level (number of executed divided by total number).
The higher the filling level, the more transitions/symbols have been executed. Figure 448 for instance shows that 50% of the total number of transitions/symbols have been executed.
In some circumstances, some of the information related to a node is only partially displayed; this is governed by a Visibility Condition. When a node is only partially visible, this is indicated by drawing the node with a dashed line.
When the Coverage Viewer first opens a coverage file, every node in the coverage tree is shown. The user can hide and show nodes in two ways, either via the expand/collapse mechanism (see "View Menu" on page 1424), or via the visibility condition.
By using the visibility condition the user can control which nodes should be visible or not. Only those nodes that meet the visibility condition are shown in the tree, and the user cannot use the expand mechanism to see nodes that do not meet the visibility condition.
The visibility condition is a threshold value for the number of times a transition/symbol is executed. It is specified with the Set Visibility menu choice in the Tree menu (see page 1428). It can also be changed by using quick buttons (see below), as well as the Increase Tree and Decrease Tree menu choices in the Tree menu.
A node in a fully expanded tree is visible either if:
- The number of executed transitions/symbols associated with the node meets the visibility condition
- At least one of the underlying nodes is visible
The symbol of a node that meets the second condition but not the first one becomes dashed to indicate that the node itself does not meet the visibility condition.
When the user selects a node in the Main Window, the Coverage Details Window is updated and displays the coverage chart for the selected node. The Coverage Details window must be opened by using the Show Detail menu choice in the Tools menu.
To double click on a symbol in the Main window opens an SDL Editor with a diagram that corresponds to the selected symbol. See "Show in Editor" on page 1431 for more information.
The following quick buttons are special to the Main window. The general quick buttons are described in "Quick Buttons" on page 1035.
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(fig) Coverage Type
Switches between a transition coverage tree and a symbol coverage
tree in the Main window.
(fig) Show Bottom
Changes the appearance of the coverage tree to show only those transi
tions/symbols that have been executed the least number of times, i.e.
having a number of executions exactly equal to the lowest number of
available executions. This command changes the visibility condition.
(fig) Show Top
Changes the appearance of the coverage tree to show only those transi
tions/symbols that have been executed the most number of times, i.e.
having a number of executions exactly equal to the highest number of
available executions. This command changes the visibility condition.
(fig) Show Whole Tree
Changes the appearance of the coverage tree to show all transi
tions/symbols. The visibility condition is reset to zero (0).
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Figure 449 : The File Menu.
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Opens a coverage file to read coverage information from. A Standard File Selection Dialog is opened with the file filter initially set to *.cov. The contents of the Main Window is replaced by the information read from the selected file.
Reads an additional coverage file about the same system and merges the coverage information in it with the current coverage information. A Standard File Selection Dialog is opened with the file filter set to *.cov. The contents of the Main Window is augmented by the additional information read from the selected file.
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Note:
It is not possible to merge coverage files for another system.
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Saves the current coverage information in a new coverage file. A Standard File Selection Dialog is opened with the file filter set to *.cov.
If an already existing file is specified, the tool confirms to overwrite the file.
Figure 450 : Confirm to Overwrite an Existing File.
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- The OK button confirms the operation.
- The Cancel button returns control to the Coverage Viewer without saving the file.
Prints the contents of the Main window. The Print Utility is started; see the chapter "The Print Utility" on page 1439 for more information.
Exits the Coverage Viewer.
A confirmation dialog is displayed in the case coverage files have been merged during the Coverage Viewer session but have not been saved:
Figure 451 : Prompting to Save Merged Files.
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- Clicking the Save button transfers control to the Save dialog (see page 1423). Once the file has been saved, the Coverage Viewer terminates.
- Clicking the No Save button exits the Coverage Viewer without saving the file.
- Clicking Cancel closes the dialog and returns control to the Coverage Viewer.
Figure 452 : View Menu.
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Expands the selected node one level down.
Expands the selected node as much as possible.
Expands all nodes as much as possible.
Collapses the selected node, i.e. hides all child objects.
Sets options for which parts of the Main window to show. The dialog controls whether to show the Tool Bar and the Status Bar.
Figure 453 : The Windows Options Dialog.
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- Clicking the toggle buttons Tool Bar and Status Bar toggles the respective options between visible and not visible.
- Clicking OK applies the values of the toggle buttons Tool Bar and Status Bar and closes the dialog.
- Clicking Cancel closes the dialog without changing the options.
Sets the scale used in the Main window. The scale is set using a modal dialog:
Figure 454 : The Set Scale Dialog.
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- The scale can be set between 20% and 800% by using the slider. 100% is the default.
- Clicking Set changes the scale and brings down the dialog.
- Clicking Cancel closes the dialog without doing anything.
Figure 455 : The Tree Menu.
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Sets options for which type of coverage tree to show in the Main window. The dialog controls whether to show a
Figure 456 : The Tree Options Dialog.
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Sets options for how to show execution numbers for the nodes in the coverage tree. The dialog controls whether to show the numbers for
Sets options for controlling the line thickness of the nodes in the coverage tree.
Figure 458 : The Line Options Dialog.
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- Normal line thickness
- Logarithmic line thickness
The dialog controls whether to show Normal line thickness or Logarithmic line thickness, i.e. the thickness is proportional either to the executed number of transitions/symbols, or to the logarithm of the same number.
- Max line thickness
With a slide bar, the user may also specify the Max line thickness, measured in 1/10 mm. The possible range of values is 1-200. The default is 100, which is the thickness of the line connecting the top node of the tree.
Shows more of the coverage tree by calculating a visibility threshold (see "The Visibility Condition" on page 1420) that makes at least one more symbol become visible.
Shows less of the coverage tree by calculating a visibility threshold (see "The Visibility Condition" on page 1420) that makes at least one more symbol become hidden.
Sets options to control the visibility condition of the coverage tree (see "The Visibility Condition" on page 1420).
Figure 459 : The Set Visibility Dialog.
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The dialog controls:
- Threshold
The value which may be set using the slide bar,
- Show symbols executed >= threshold
- Show symbols executed <= threshold
The option whether to make nodes visible that are executed more than or less than the threshold value. The text for the Show buttons reflects the type of coverage tree currently used (transitions or symbols).
Figure 460 : The Tools Menu.
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Searches for a visible node name in the coverage tree shown in the Main window.
Figure 461 : The Search Dialog.
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- Search for
Specifies the text string to search for. As a special case, a GR Reference obtained from for instance an Editor may also be specified.
- Ignore Case, Consider Case
These options toggles between a case insensitive and a case sensitive search.
- Search
Starts the search and closes the dialog. The first symbol containing the text is selected. The search starts from the selected symbol, if any, or from the first symbol in the tree.
If the search reaches the end of the trees, the user is asked whether to continue the search from the first tree:
Figure 462 : The Search Continue Dialog.
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Pressing the Continue button continues the search from the first tree.
If the text cannot be found among the visible information, the user is informed in a confirmation dialog.
Searches again for the same text as in the latest search. The behavior is the same as for Search above.
Opens an SDL Editor for all the transitions/symbols that meet a certain threshold condition in the tree below the selected symbol. The diagram symbols corresponding to the transitions/symbols become selected in the Editor.
Figure 463 : The Show Coverage Dialog.
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The dialog controls the Editor threshold value with a Slide Bar, as well as whether to show transitions/symbols that are executed:
- less than,
- equal to,
- or more than the threshold value.
The Show button opens each of the diagrams containing the transitions/symbols that meet the threshold condition, with a confirmation dialog between each diagram page.
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Note:
The editor threshold condition specified in this dialog does not af
fect the Visibility Condition. It only controls which transitions/sym
bols to show in an SDL Editor.
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Opens an SDL Editor with a diagram that corresponds to the selected symbol. If the selected symbol is located in a process or procedure diagram, the corresponding diagram symbol becomes selected in the diagram. Only applicable on transition/symbol icons at the lowest level in the tree, including start states.
Opens or raises the Coverage Details Window, showing a coverage chart for the selected node.
Raises the Organizer's Main window.
The following tables lists the menu choices in the Main Window popup menus and a reference to the corresponding menu choice in the menu bar, or the corresponding quick button.
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Show Whole Tree "Show Whole Tree" on page 1422.
Show Bottom "Show Bottom" on page 1421.
Show Top "Show Top" on page 1422.
Show Details "Show Detail" on page 1431.
Expand All "Expand All" on page 1424.
Collapse All Collapses the whole tree, i.e. only the top
node becomes visible.
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Show in Editor "Show in Editor" on page 1431.
Expand "Expand" on page 1424.
Expand Substructure "Expand Substructure" on page 1424.
Collapse "Collapse" on page 1424.
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Apart from the general keyboard accelerators, as described in "Accelerators and Mnemonics" on page 1048, the following accelerators can be used in the Main window:
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Accelerator Command (page reference)
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ctrl-E Show in Editor (see page 1431)
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The Coverage Details window presents more detailed coverage information for the node selected in the Main window. It contains a coverage chart for transitions or symbols, depending on what type of tree is shown in the Main Window. Above the chart is a text identifying:
- The type of coverage chart
- The type and name of the node
- The total number of executed transitions/symbols.
The Coverage Details window is updated when the selection in the Main window is changed. The Coverage Details window is updated to show the coverage chart for the node selected in the Main window.
Figure 464 : Coverage Details Window.
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The coverage chart shows how many transitions/symbols in the node that have been executed a certain number of times:
- The horizontal axis denotes the number of times executed; the range of the axis is the same as the range shown for the node in the Main window.
- The vertical axis denotes the number of transitions/symbols; the range of the axis cannot generally be determined from the values shown for the node in the Main window.
For each value along the horizontal axis (no of times), a vertical bar shows how many transitions/symbols have been executed that specific number of times. The vertical axis scale is adjusted to include the highest vertical bar, but this can be changed by the user through the Chart Options menu choice in the View menu (see "Chart Options" on page 1436), or the use of Quick Buttons (see below).
The leftmost bar is automatically selected when a new coverage chart is displayed. The selection can be moved by using the left and right arrow keys. Double clicking on a bar in the chart executes the Show in Editor command, see "Show in Editor" on page 1437.
Just below the horizontal axis is the visibility line. It underlines the bars that correspond to the visible nodes in the coverage tree in the Main window. "Visible" in this case means visible according to the visibility condition. Nodes that are hidden by collapsing a parent node are still regarded as visible in this context.
The following quick buttons are special to the Coverage Details window. The general quick buttons are described in "Quick Buttons" on page 1035.
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(fig) Show in Editor
Corresponds to the Show in Editor command, see page 1437.
(fig) Increase Vertical Scale
Increases the vertical scale of the coverage chart by decreasing the
value of the upper range of the vertical axis. Those bars that "over
flows" the range of the vertical axis are shown with an up arrow at the
top of the bars to indicate that the bars in reality are higher.
(fig) Decrease Vertical Scale
Decreases the vertical scale of the coverage chart by increasing the
value of the upper range of the vertical axis. The reverse of the
Increase Vertical Scale quick button above.
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Figure 465 : The File Menu.
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Prints the contents of the Coverage Details Window. The Print utility is started; see chapter 29, The Print Utility, for more information.
Closes the Coverage Details Window without confirmation.
Figure 466 : The View Menu.
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Sets options for which parts of the Coverage Details Window to show. The dialog controls whether to show the Tool Bar and the Status Bar.
Figure 467 : The Window Options Dialog.
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Sets options controlling the appearance of the coverage chart.
The dialog controls the value of the upper limit of the vertical axis in the chart and whether to
Figure 468 : The Chart Options Dialog.
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Sets the scale used in the Coverage Details Window. The scale is set using a modal dialog:
Figure 469 : The Set Scale Dialog.
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The scale can be set between 20% and 800% by using the Slide Bar. 100% is the default. Pressing Set changes the scale and brings down the dialog.
Figure 470 : The Tools Menu.
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Opens an SDL Editor for all the transitions/symbols of the selected vertical bar in the coverage chart. The diagram symbols corresponding to the transitions/symbols become selected in the Editor.
A confirmation dialog is displayed between each diagram page.
Figure 471 : Request to Show Next Page.
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Raises the Coverage Viewer's Main Window.
The following table lists the menu choices in the Coverage Details window popup menu and a reference to the corresponding menu choice in the menu bar.
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Show Coverage Tree "Show Coverage Tree" on page 1437.
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Apart from the general keyboard accelerators, as described in "Accelerators and Mnemonics" on page 1048, the following accelerators can be used in the Coverage Details window:
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Accelerator Command (page reference)
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ctrl-E Show in Editor (see page 1437)
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